Castle Menzies played a pivotal role in 18th and 19th-century plant collection, primarily through its association with the renowned botanist
Archibald Menzies and the subsequent development of its arboretum by the clan chiefs.
1. Connection to Archibald Menzies (1754–1842)
Castle Menzies is the botanical birthplace of Archibald Menzies, a major figure in global plant exploration.
Early Training: Before becoming a naval surgeon and the naturalist for Captain Vancouver’s voyage (1791–1795), Menzies worked as a gardener at Castle Menzies, where his father was the Head Gardener.
Botanical Legacy: He is credited with discovering over 400 species, including the Douglas fir, the Sitka spruce, and the Monkey Puzzle tree (Araucaria araucaria). His connection is commemorated today by a small exhibition within the castle.
2. The Sir Robert Menzies Arboretum
In the 19th century, Sir Robert Menzies (the 7th Baronet) established an extensive arboretum at the estate, using seeds and specimens from pioneering global expeditions.
North American Species: Many trees were grown from seeds collected by John Jeffrey and David Douglas during their expeditions to California and British Columbia.
Key Introductions: Notable species successfully established include:
Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii).
Western Hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) and Giant Fir (Abies grandis).
Pacific Madrone (Arbutus menziesii), with a notable specimen planted around 1870.
Global Variety: The collection also featured Deodar Cedars from India, Giant Sequoias, and Japanese Cedars (Cryptomeria japonica).
3. The Walled Garden Restoration
The Castle's Walled Garden, constructed across three terraces in the 18th and 19th centuries, served as a nursery for both exotic specimens and "ancient fruits," including celebrated gean (wild cherry) trees.
Preservation: After falling into ruin in the 20th century, the garden was purchased by the Menzies Clan Society in 1984.
Modern Work: Ongoing restoration efforts by the Menzies Charitable Trust aim to rediscover and protect "ancient fruits and trees" original to the estate’s history.
You can find more details on visiting the site at the official Castle Menzies Walled Garden